Tbsc Compensator For Online Starting Of Induction Motors Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2712 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Cause and effect essay Did you like this example? Abstract This paper presents a topology for direct online starting of Induction Motors (I.M.s) using Thyristor Binary Switched Capacitor (TBSC) compensator operating in closed loop. TBSC is based on a chain of Thyristor Switched Capacitor (TSC) banks arranged in binary sequential manner. A transient free switching of TBSCs is carried out. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Tbsc Compensator For Online Starting Of Induction Motors Business Essay" essay for you Create order Proposed topology allows switching in/out of capacitor banks according to the reactive power requirement of induction motors in very fast responding closed loop. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve reactive power compensation in cycle to cycle basis. Proposed scheme can be used for direct online starting of I.M.s with voltage sag mitigation at starting, which helps improving stability of the system and Power Factor (P.F.) improvement in steady state. Keywords Reactive power compensation, TBSC, transient free switching, voltage sag, Power Factor Introduction Induction motors (I.M.) constitute a large portion of power system. Three-phase induction motors represent the most significant load in the industrial plants, over the half of the delivered electrical energy [1]. Starting of induction motor may cause a problem of voltage sag in the power system. The IEEE defines voltage sag as: A decrease to between 0.1 and 0.9 p.u. in rms voltage or current at the power frequency for durations of 0.5 cycle to 1 min [2]. An induction motor at rest can be modeled as a transformer with the secondary winding short circuited. Thus when full voltage is applied, a heavy inrush current (of 6 to 10 times the rated value) is drawn from the power system that causes voltage sag. As the motor accelerates and attains the rated speed, the inrush current decays and the system voltage recovers [3]. Voltage sag can cause mal-operation of voltage sensitive devices such as computers, relays, programmable logic controllers etc. [chetan]. Also because of the highly ind uctive nature of the motor circuit at rest, the power factor is very low, usually of the order of 10 to 20 percent [3]. Thus reactive power demand at the starting of I.M. is very high and it reduces as motor picks up the speed. There are several solutions to minimize this problem, the most common are [5]: reactor start, auto transformer start, delta-wye start, capacitor start, soft starter, frequency variable driver (FVD) etc. All these methods except capacitor start are based on a motor terminal voltage reduction to decrease the rotor current, reducing the line voltage drop [5]. Problem with this method of starting is that the motor torque is directly proportional to the square of the supply voltage hence decrease in the motor terminal voltage will cause the motor torque to decrease, which may be insufficient for driving the required load [6]. Soft starter and frequency variable driver methods are the most expensive and complex, requiring more expert maintenance [7]. In capacitor s tart system, reactive current required by the motor during acceleration is supplied by capacitors which reduce the source current. This in turn reduces the magnitude of voltage sag in the system. Capacitor start method has a lower cost in comparison with other methods however one has to consider the transitory effects of switching of capacitor banks [3]. An alternative solution without motor terminal voltage reduction was proposed using Static VAR Compensator (SVC) in [8]. In [9] different topology of SVC without using thyristor controlled reactor (TCR) was proposed which has advantage of reduction in both cost as well as harmonics produced by TCR. This paper presents a simple topology, which is shown in Fig.1. TBSC Compensator Induction Motor n Induction Motor 2 Vs Induction Motor 1E:M.Tech DissertationSmart DrawNewI.MIMMain-Diagram.tif Fig. 1 Proposed topology. C.T. Current Transformer P.T. Potential Transformer TBSC Thyristor Binary Switched Capacitor C Capacitor Value Distribution Transformer Point Of Common Coupling (PCC) C.T. P.T. 27 C 22 C 21 C 20 C I CONTROLLER 8 TBSC Banks V Induction MotorsE:M.Tech DissertationSmart DrawNewController_I.M.tif Fig.2 TBSC compensator for direct online starting of induction motor. The proposed scheme consists of Thyristor Switched Capacitor (TSC) banks in binary sequential steps [9] known as Thyristor Binary Switched Capacitor (TBSC) which are used for direct online starting of induction motor. The proposed topology has following distinctive features: 1) Transient free switching of capacitors is carried out. 2) Reactive power compensation is achieved in cycle by cycle basis. 3) Low cost 4) Closed loop operation is achieved using controller 5) Can be used to start more than one induction motor. 6) Can be implemented at the Point of common coupling (PCC) without disturbing the existing starting techniques. The theme of this paper deals with the proposed topology, description of controller and presentation of simulation results. Proposed Topology Description TBSC compensator connected at the point of common coupling (PCC) for direct online starting of induction motors is shown in Fig.2. The operating principle of TBSC and controller is outlined in the following sections. TBSC TBSC consists of an anti-parallel connected thyristor and diode as a bidirectional switch in series with a capacitor and a current limiting small reactor. Transient free switching of capacitors is obtained by satisfying following two conditions [10]: Firing the thyristors at the negative/positive peak of supply voltage Precharging the Capacitors to the negative/positive peak of supply voltage TSC current is sinusoidal and free from harmonics, thus eliminating the need for any filters. Small-series inductor is placed in series with capacitor. It serves following purposes [11]: It limits current transients if capacitors are switched at inappropriate instants. The chosen inductor magnitude gives a natural resonant frequency of many times the system nominal frequency. This ensures that the inductance neither creates a harmonic resonant circuit with the network nor affects the TSC control system. In the proposed scheme capacitor bank step values are chosen in bin ary sequence weights to make the resolution small. If such n capacitor steps are used then 2n different compensation levels can be provided [12]. In this paper eight TBSC banks are arranged as 2.5: 5: 10: 20: 40: 80: 160: 320 KVAR in star connected with neutral grounded configuration. CONTROLLER Controller is the heart of compensator. Voltage V and current I at PCC are sensed by Potential Transformer (P.T.) and Current Transformer (C.T.) respectively and given to controller. Controller determines the value of reactive power required to achieve the desired power factor and then generates the control signals (gate signals) which are given to TBSC banks. Controller Description Reactive Power demand of I.M.s QMotor Transient Free Switching QTBSC QActual PI Controller _ Q Sensing + QRef _ + TBSC Banks ADCC:UsersIrfanAppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.WordClosed Loop_TSC2.tif Fig. 3 TBSC closed loop operation. A block diagram of TBSC compensator operating in closed loop is shown in Fig. 3. Reference reactive power, QRef is calculated from the desired power factor (If unity power factor is required then Qref will be set to zero). Actual reactive power at PCC, QActual depends on the number of motors switched in the system. QActual is calculated by sensing voltage and current at PCC by P.T. and C.T. respectively. Error signal between QRef and QActual is given to PI controller. Discrete PI controller is used. Output of PI controller is given to ADC and its output is given to TBSC banks in such a way that no transients occur. Switching in/out of capacitor banks is decided by the controller. At the time of starting of I.M.s reactive power demand is large hence higher capacitor banks will be switched in while as motor reaches the rated spe ed only few lower capacitor banks will remain connected at the PCC. In this way closed loop operation of TBSC banks for direct online starting of I.M.s is achieved. Simulation Results MATLAB/SIMULINK software is used for simulation. Data used in the simulation is shown below. Source Voltage V = 400 V, Rs = 0.0287ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦, Ls = 0.20471mH Induction motor (I.M.) 3 identical I.M.s are used in the simulation which are switched on at t = 0 sec, 0.8 sec and 1.6 sec respectively. For Simulation purpose at 1.6 sec, two 50 h.p. motors are switched on simultaneously to get 100 h.p. load. Parameters of each I.M. are shown in Table I. TABLE I. Parameters Of Induction Motor Sr. No. Parameter Values 1. Voltage (line-line) 400 V 2. Frequency 50 Hz 3. Nominal power 50 h.p. 4. Speed 1480 r.p.m. TABLE II. Values Of Eight Tbsc Banks Sr. No. Q (in KVAR) C (in  µF) L (in mH) 1. 2.5 50 0.10775 2. 5 100 0.0538 3. 10 200 0.0269 4. 20 400 0.0134 5. 40 800 0.0067 6. 80 1600 0.0033 7. 160 3200 0.0016 8. 320 6400 0.00084 TBSC banks Eight TBSC banks are used in the simulation whose values are shown in Table II. Direct online induction motor starting without TBSC compensator Fig. 4 shows the waveform of motor line voltage. When I.M.1 is switched on at t=0sec, the motor line voltage drops to 351V i.e. voltage sag of 11.14% takes place. Line voltage returns to steady value of 395V in 0.5sec. When I.M.2 is switched on at t=0.8sec, the motor line voltage drops to 349V i.e. voltage sag of 11.64% takes place. Line voltage returns to steady value of 392V in 0.5sec. When I.M.3 is switched on at t=1.6sec, the motor line voltage drops to 309V i.e. voltage sag of 21.77% takes place. Line voltage returns to steady value of 382V in 0.7sec. E:M.Tech DissertationMATLABM-FilesMatlab figureI.MI.M. NewVs_WithoutTBSC.tif Fig. 4 Motor line voltage without TBSC compensator. E:M.Tech DissertationMATLABM-FilesMatlab figureI.MI.M. NewQ_Without.tif Fig.5 Reactive power variation of I.M. without TBSC compensator. C:UsersIrfanAppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.WordI_Without.tif Fig.6 Motor line current without TBSC compensator. C:Use rsIrfanAppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.WordN_Without1.tif Fig.7 Speed of motors without TBSC compensator. Fig. 5 shows the variation of reactive power with time. When I.M.1 and 2 is switched on at t= 0sec and 0.8sec respectively, reactive power demand is around 250 KVAR at starting period. Reactive power demand is around 380 KVAR when I.M.3 is switched on at t=1.6 sec. It is seen that reactive power demand is very high at the time of starting of motor and it reduces as the motor reaches the steady state condition. Because of high reactive power requirement at start voltage drops as shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 shows the variation of motor current with time. When I.M.1 and 2 is switched on at t= 0sec and 0.8 sec respectively, current is around 500 A at starting period while at the time of starting of I.M. 3 it is around 1000 A. It is seen that when motor is switched on, current is very large at the starting period and it reduces as motor attains steady speed. Fig. 7 shows the variation of motor speed with time. When I.M.1 is switched on at t= 0sec it achieves rated speed in 0.6 sec. I.M.2 is switched on at t=0.8 sec and it achieves rated speed in 0.6 sec. At the time of switching of I.M.2 speed of I.M.1 drops to 1460 rpm for very short duration of about one cycle. I.M.3 is switched on at t=1.6 sec and it achieves rated speed in 0.8 sec. At the time of switching of I.M.3 speed of I.M.1 and I.M.2 drops to 1442 rpm for very short duration of about one cycle. Direct online induction motor starting with TBSC compensator Discrete PI controller with KP = 0.54 and KI = 25 and 8 bit ADC is used in simulation. Waveforms of I.M. reactive power demand QMotor and reactive power given by TBSC QTBSC are shown in Fig. 8. From simulation results it is seen that QTBSC closely follows QMotor and actual reactive power QActual at PCC is approximately zero at all times. Thus power factor is maintained near unity at all time. The small error is due to the binary switching arrangement of TSCs. Fig. 9 shows the motor line voltage with TBSC compensator. When I.M.1 is switched on at t=0sec, motor line voltage drops to 389V i.e. small voltage sag of 2.01% takes place for a duration of 0.4sec. Line voltage returns to steady value of 400V in 0.4sec. When I.M.2 is switched on at t=0.8sec, the motor line voltage drops to 377V i.e. voltage sag of 5.3% takes place for a duration of 0.4 sec. Line voltage returns to E:M.Tech DissertationMATLABM-FilesMatlab figureI.MI.M. NewQ_New_IM.tif Fig.8 Waveforms of QMotor and QTB SC. E:M.Tech DissertationMATLABM-FilesMatlab figureI.MI.M. NewVs_WithTBSC.tif Fig. 9 Motor line voltage with TBSC compensator. steady value of 396V in 0.4sec. When I.M.3 is switched on at t=1.6sec, the motor line voltage drops to 360V i.e. voltage sag of 7.92% takes place for a duration of 0.65 sec. Line voltage returns to steady value of 391V in 0.7sec. These results show that with TBSC compensator there is considerable reduction in voltage sag and there is improvement in the voltage profile. Fig. 10 shows the comparison of motor line voltage with and without TBSC compensator. Current waveforms through all TSC banks and total compensating current (of R phase) are shown in Fig. 11 which are free from harmonics and have negligibly small transients only at few switching instants. E:M.Tech DissertationMATLABM-FilesMatlab figureI.MI.M. NewVs_WithoutTBSC.tif E:M.Tech DissertationMATLABM-FilesMatlab figureI.MI.M. NewVs_WithTBSC.tif Fig. 10 Motor line voltage wit hout TBSC compensator (Top) and with TBSC compensator (Bottom). C:UsersIrfanAppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.WordI_All_TSC1.tif C:UsersIrfanAppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.WordI_All_TSC2.tif Fig. 11 Current waveforms through all TSC banks and total compensating current (of R phase only). E:M.Tech DissertationMATLABM-FilesMatlab figureI.MI.M. NewIs_Ic_Im.tif Fig. 12 Simulation results showing waveforms of motor current, total compensating current and source current in A (of R phase only). C:UsersIrfanAppDataLocalMicrosoftWindowsTemporary Internet FilesContent.WordN.TIF Fig.13 Simulation results showing speed of Motors with TBSC compensator. Fig. 12 shows the waveforms of motor current, total compensating current and source current. From these results it is clear that the total compensating current i.e. current flowing through all TBSC banks is almost equal to the motor current. Source current at the instan t of switching of I.M.1 and I.M.2 (i.e. at t=0 sec and t= 0.8 sec) is around 300 A. While at the instant of switching of I.M.3 is around 700 A. These results show that with TBSC compensator there is considerable reduction in source current magnitude. This leads to reduction in voltage sag as shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 13 shows the variation of motor speed with time. When I.M.1 is switched on at t=0sec it achieves rated speed in 0.5 sec. I.M.2 is switched on at t=0.8 sec and it achieves rated speed in 0.5 sec. At the time of switching of I.M.2 speed of I.M.1 drops to 1460 rpm for v ery short duration of about one cycle. I.M.3 is switched on at t=1.6 sec and it achieves rated speed in 0.6 sec. At the time of switching of I.M.3 speed of I.M.1 and I.M.2 drops to 1442 rpm for very short duration of about one cycle. Comparisons of results with and without TBSC Compensator are shown in Table III. TABLE III. Comparison Of Results With and Without TBSC Compensator Sr. No. Parameter Without TBSC Compensator With TBSC Compensator I.M.1 (50 h.p.) I.M.2 (50 h.p.) I.M.3 (100 h.p.) I.M.1 (50 h.p.) I.M.2 (50 h.p.) I.M.3 (100 h.p.) 1 Switching instant (in sec) 0.0 0.8 1.6 0.0 0.8 1.6 2 % Voltage sag 11.14 11.64 21.77 2.01 5.3 7.92 3 Reactive power at starting (in KVAR) 250 250 380 Closely matches with the required value 4 Starting current (in A) 500 500 1000 300 300 700 Conclusion A topology for direct online starting of induction motors using TBSC compensator was presented. TSC bank step values were chosen in binary sequence weights to make the resolution small in order to achieve almost stepless reactive power compensation. Harmonic contents in source current were negligibly small. With the use of TBSC compensator; voltage sag magnitude gets reduced as well as voltage profile was improved. Controller operates in a closed loop to determine the number of capacitor units to be switched in the system. At the time of starting of I.M.s higher capacitor banks were switched in the system while once the motor reaches the rated speed only few lower capacitor banks will remain connected at the PCC. Thus at all times power factor was maintained near unity. The proposed scheme is effective during both steady state and transient conditions. Separate starting method for individual induction motors can be avoided and many motors can be started direct online using the prop osed scheme as long as TBSC banks are capable of supplying the required reactive power demand.

Comparing Different Worldviews And Their Effect On Society

Before comparing and contrasting different worldviews and their effect on society, it is important for us to understand what we are studying. What is a worldview? A worldview can be defined by many different definitions. But broadly, it is a way through which you see and interpret the world and the things around you. It is a mental mode of reality from which we develop ideas and theories about the world. It answers questions: What are humans? Why are we here? What is our purpose? What are your values? What can we know with certainty? Does reality include only matter and energy? Does God exist? (Rusbalt) A world view could be likened to a pair of glasses. –Everything you see will be affected by the pair of glasses you are wearing. If you try on another person’s glasses things might appear blurry, and it could very possibly give you a headache. Carol Hill, a prominent actress in the 1900s, said this of a worldview: â€Å"By ‘worldview’ I mean the basic way of interpreting things and events that pervades a culture so thoroughly that it becomes a culture s concept of reality — what is good, what is important, what is sacred, what is real. Worldview is more than culture, even though the distinction between the two can sometimes be subtle. It extends to perceptions of time and space, of happiness and well-being. The beliefs, values, and behaviors of a culture stem directly from its worldview. (Rusbalt) By definition, a Christian is a follower of Jesus Christ who has personallyShow MoreRelatedThe Religious Traditions Of The East Are All Older Than Western Religions1743 Words   |  7 Pagestraditions have had a shaping effect on their societies in how they look at the world and the â€Å"hope† they offer their followers. Their traditions and beliefs are different than in the west. The four major religious traditions in the East are all older than western religions. Each religious tradition can be examined for common concepts and differences. Hinduism, Buddhism, Daoism and Confucianism have several common concepts and several differences in: their worldviews, their views on the nature ofRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Creation Regained By Albert M. Wolters1531 Words   |  7 Pagesactions. He also tries to fight injustices that is happening against Native Americans and other colored people. The most powerful insight of the book Creation Regained by Albert M. Wolters, is explained through specific understanding of the Biblical Worldview that is based on distinction between structure and direction. For Wolters, structure refers to the way how things are created or what was God’s basic idea of creation, and how things meant to be. On the other hand, direction determines two phasesRead MoreEssay about Compare and Contrast952 Words   |  4 Pageschild of Chinese parents. Though they share some of the same situations; each has a different way of portraying it. This gives the readers two different aspects of being bilingual. Rodriguez told his story in Aria: a Memoir of a Bilingual Childhood. Tan told hers in Mother Tongue. In spite of the fact that they both wrote about their experiences of being bilingual, they told their stories were for very different reasons. Rodriguez argues in his essay, whether bilingual education is appropriate forRead MoreConcept of the Transcendent , the Human Person and Social Reponsibility987 Words   |  4 Pagesto you about Judaism and the agnostic. I will be comparing and delivering insights to the concept of the transcendent, the human person and the social responsibility. Religion is a social conduct based on belief. Non-religious groups and thoughts are also social groups and conducts based on a belief. Rational thought, acceptance of scientific knowledge and a sense of right and wrong are common themes as to whether the individual or the society are based on religious or non-religious conceptsRead MoreFreud and His Castration Complex Theory939 Words   |  4 PagesThe skill of questioning has a long history and is a part of every makeup of every human living on Earth. The result of any inquisition can show that the individual of any society is not fully the same as his co-inhabitor. People can have different definitions about what makes a happy life. Some will lean towards the financially materialistic end with money, toys, and electronics, among other things. Others will travel to another level and say examples that can include family, health, faith, andRead MoreThe World Based On Our Culture And Upbringing1144 Words   |  5 Pagesa very broad t erm that holds a variety of meanings and interpretations. It is a word that envelops among many things: history, social status, values, religion, and expression. No two people nor two groups are the same. For that reason it has different effects on all individuals and the way we view the world based on our culture and upbringing. This paper will discuss these topics and how they relate to my own values, attitude and experiences with diversity, background, and how I identify myself withRead MoreExploring Canada s Ethnocultural Diversity And The General Population Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Objectives and Questions The broad aim of this proposed research is to examine Canada’s ethnocultural diversity and the use of CAM, specifically comparing the health-seeking behaviour and care use behaviour of Canadian residents of SSA origin with the rest of the populace. Additionally, the proposed research seeks to critically examine geographical, economic, biological, socio-cultural and prevailing health policy on CAM, and how these broader factors contribute to the less use of CAM amongRead MoreA Taste Of Russian Culture1299 Words   |  6 PagesA Taste of Russian Culture When it comes to being different, it can be difficult to manage people’s judgements. Whether someone has an accent, looks â€Å"Un-American† or has a name that is difficult to pronounce, it seems like a better solution to hide under a rock all day than to confront people with their harsh and quick judgements. Unfortunately, I had hit the golden trifecta, and because of this I had a rough childhood. At times, I felt like I wasn’t worthy enough to hang out with the â€Å"cool† AmericanRead MoreHealth Care Provider And Faith Diversity1884 Words   |  8 PagesHealthcare providers are exposed to various worldviews across the care continuum. In order to provide unbiased care that is consistent with an individual’s worldview, providers must educate themselves to the variety of faith expressions present within their society. This paper will examine the various worldviews associated with Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity, as well as assess the spiritual pe rspective on, and the critical components of healing that are unique to each faith. A comparative analysisRead MoreVisions Of Reforms And Reformation1488 Words   |  6 Pagessense of humanity, but defined that humanity, the means of achieving that humanity, and their general worldview in different ways. Wollstonecraft sought progress by reforming private life virtues through voluntary education and action. She wanted to change the hearts and minds of the people, while Marx sought progress through direct means -- political upheaval and reformation of government, society, and currency through the armed uprising of the worker. Their similarities and differences can segregated

New Literary Criticism Literatures Literary Essay Example For Students

New Literary Criticism Literatures Literary Essay Criticism New Literary Criticism Seeking to bring new respect, new theories and philosophies to critical literary scholarship, New Criticism presented critics with a vernacular to isolate and discuss a unified structure of aesthetic quality and apply it to individual works of art. New Criticism is a process of interpretation, a method of reading a text, as much as it is a theoretical endeavor, though. New Critics look for patterns of symbols and metaphors that point toward an underlying sense of unity in form, rhythm, or structure; they expect a work of literature to hang together, to express stability, to cohere. Poetry.. . depends upon the set of relationships, the structure, which we call the poem (Penn Warren 990). The most difficult task of the New Critic is discovering and describing the thematic oppositions within a text which it attempts to transcend or resolve. Irony and ambiguity provide most potent forms of this contextual pressure. The most successful literature, therefore, struggles against the resistances of its own materials, its own structure, attempting to win through to clarity and passion (Brooks 805). Works Cited Brooks, Cleanth. Irony as a Principle of Structure The Critical Tradition. Ed., David H. Richter, New York: St. Martins Press, 1989. Penn Warren, Robert. Pure and Impure Poetry Selected Essays. New York: Vintage Books, 1958. .

Pizza †the Best Party Food Essay Sample free essay sample

Dinging! Dong! â€Å"The pizza’s here everybody† . What do you largely ever eat when there is a party? What do you anticipate to eat at a party? That’s right! It’s pizza. A party without pizza is like a shop without anything to sell. Some grounds that it is the best party nutrient is that everybody eats it and is easy to acquire. Another ground is that everyone loves it. So why non acquire pizza the following clip you decide to throw a party. First of all. lactose intolerant people aside. who doesn’t love when the pizza cat arrives at the door with. boxes of that delectability. Besides it is the easiest thing to acquire for a party is pizza. Its so difficult to cook for anyplace from 50-100 people. That would take hours of work and do the house odor bad. Why non merely pass 60 dollars and acquire about seven whole boxes of Pizza Hut. We will write a custom essay sample on Pizza – the Best Party Food Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Domino’s. DiGiorno’s. or anything else. Its saves so much clip and the problem of cookery. Besides who knows if they will candidly even like the nutrient you cook. When acquiring pizza you know everybody will eat it because the hosts of parties know people love pizza. Do you desire to be remembered as a good host or party throwster? Then travel purchase pizza. You will likely pass that much on whatever you are cooking any manner. So take the easy manner out. and besides the smart manner. Following. everyone enjoys pizza. name one individual that merely doesn’t enjoy pizza. The perfect blend of cheese. tomato. and bread gets everyone’s oral cavities irrigating. Everyone merely can’t resist from taking a piece. On the other manus it besides tastes really good with drinks such as sodium carbonates. You can hold all the wings and bread-sticks you want but no affair what it won’t be a party without pizza. If I of all time met person who doesn’t like pizza I would interrogate him with inquiries. Did you of all time even seek it? Are you brainsick? What’s incorrect with you? What planet have you come from? Good thing I have neer met anyone like that. Pizza is besides rated the peoples’ most favourite nutrient worldwide. So at a party you know it’s reasonably demanding. If people don’t acquire pizza so it will do the invitees unhappy and unsated in their tummy. Overall there is no manner around it. Pizza is the male monarch of the party. It is the tummy filler. It is the most indispensable ingredient to doing a successful party.

The Satire In Voltaires Candide Essays - English-language Films

The satire in Voltaire's Candide Annonymous The book The Scarlet Letter is all about symbolism. People and objects are symbolic of events and thoughts. Throughout the course of the book, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses Hester, Pearl, and Arthur Dimmesdale to signify Puritanic and Romantic philosophies. Hester Prynne, through the eyes of the Puritans, is an extreme sinner; she has gone against the Puritan ways, committing adultery. For this irrevocably harsh sin, she must wear a symbol of shame for the rest of her life. However, the Romantic philosophies of Hawthorne put down the Puritanic beliefs. She is a beautiful, young woman who has sinned, but is forgiven. Hawthorne portrays Hester as divine maternity and she can do no wrong. Not only Hester, but the physical scarlet letter, a Puritanical sign of disownment, is shown through the author's tone and diction as a beautiful, gold and colorful piece. Pearl, Hester's child, is portrayed Puritanically, as a child of sin who should be treated as such, ugly, evil, and shamed. The reader more evidently notices that Hawthorne carefully, and sometimes not subtly at all, places Pearl above the rest. She wears colorful clothes, is extremely smart, pretty, and nice. More often than not, she shows her intelligence and free thought, a trait of the Romantics. One of Pearl's favorite activities is playing with flowers and trees. (The reader will recall that anything affiliated with the forest was evil to Puritans. To Hawthorne, however, the forest was beautiful and natural.) And she was gentler here [the forest] than in the grassy- margined streets of the settlement, or in her mother's cottage. The flowers appeared to know it (194) Pearl fit in with natural things. Also, Pearl is always effervescent and joyous, which is definitely a negative to the Puritans. Pearl is a virtual shouting match between the Puritanical views and the Romantic ways. To most, but especially the Puritans, one of the most important members of a community is the religious leader; Arthur Dimmesdale is no exception. He was held above the rest, and this is proven in one of the first scenes of the book. As Hester is above the townspeople on a scaffold, Dimmesdale, Governor Wilson, and others are still above her. But, as the reader soon discovers, Arthur Dimmesdale is his own worst enemy. He hates himself and must physically inflict pain upon himself. He thus typified the constant introspection wherewith he tortured, but could not purify, himself to never forget what he has done (141). To Dimmesdale, it is bad that Hester is shown publicly as a sinner, but people forget that. What is far worse than public shame is Dimmesdale's own cruel inner shame. Knowing what only he and Hester know, the secret eats away at every fiber of Dimmesdale's being. As the Puritans hold up Dimmesdale, the Romantics level him as a human. The Scarlet Letter is a myriad of allegorical theories and philosophies. Ranging from Puritanic to Romantic, Nathaniel Hawthorne embodies his ideas to stress his Romantic philosophies through Pearl, Hester, and Dimmesdale throughout all of this.

Sad Plays - Tragedies and Tear-jerkers

Sad Plays - Tragedies and Tear-jerkers Have you ever noticed how some plays are such a downer? Even some plays that are supposed to be comedies, such as Anton Chekovs masterpieces, are dour and cynical and downright depressing. Of course, the theater like life isnt all about comedy and happy endings. To be reflective of human nature, playwrights often delve into the tears-soaked corners of their souls, producing literary works that are timeless tragedies that evoke both terror and pity, just how Aristotle likes it! Here is a list of theaters most hauntingly sad plays: #10 - Night Mother There are many plays that explore the topic of suicide, but few are as direct and, dare I say, as persuasive as Marsha Normans play, night Mother. During the course of a single evening, an adult daughter has a sincere conversation with her mother, clearly explaining how she plans to take her own life before dawn. The daughters miserable life has been plagued with tragedy and mental illness. However, now that she has made her decision, she has gained clarity. No matter how her mother argues and begs, the daughter will not change her mind. New York theater critic John Simon praise the playwright stating that Marsha Norman conveys the simultaneous monstrousness and ordinariness of this event: that Jessie both solicitously provides for her mothers future and abandons her, coolly matter-of-fact about what strikes most of us as the ultimate irrational act. As with many sad, tragic and controversial plays, Night Mother ends with much to contemplate and discuss. #9 - Romeo and Juliet Millions of people think of Shakespeares classic Romeo and Juliet as the ultimate love story. Romantics view the two star-crossed lovers as the quintessential young couple, forgoing the wishes of their parents, throwing caution to the proverbial wind and settling for nothing less than true love, even if it comes at the cost of death. However, theres a more cynical way of looking at this story: Two hormone-driven teenagers kill themselves because of the stubborn hatred of ignorant adults. The tragedy may be overrated and overdone, but consider the ending of the play: Juliet lies asleep but Romeo believes that she is dead so he prepares to drink poison in order to join her. The situation remains one of the most devastating examples of dramatic irony in the history of the stage. #8 - Oedipus the King Also known as Oedipus Rex, this tragedy is the most famous work of Sophocles, a Greek playwright who lived over two thousand years ago. In case you have never heard the plot of this famous myth, you may want to skip to the next play on the list. Spoiler Alert: Oedipus discovers that years ago he murdered his biological father and unknowingly married his biological mother. The circumstances are grotesque, but the real tragedy stems from the bloody reactions of the characters as each participant learns the unbearable truth. The citizens are filled with shock and pity. Jocasta hangs herself. And Oedipus uses the pins from her dress to gauge out his eyes. Well, we all cope in different ways I guess. Creon, Jocastas brother, takes over the throne. Oedipus will wander around Greece as a wretched example of mans folly. (And I assume Zeus and his fellow Olympians enjoy a mean-spirited chuckle.) Read the complete plot summary of Oedipus the King. #7 - Death of a Salesman Playwright Arthur Miller doesnt just kill off his protagonist, Willy Loman, by the end of the play. He also does his best to euthanize the American Dream. The aging salesman once believed that charisma, obedience, and persistence would lead to prosperity. Now that his sanity is wearing thin, and his sons have failed to live up to his expectations, Loman determines that he is worth more dead than alive. In my review of the play, I explain how this drama may not be my favorite of Millers work, but the play clearly accomplishes its goal: To make us understand the painfulness of mediocrity. And we learn a valuable, common sense lesson: Things dont always go the way we want them to go. #6 - Wit: There is a lot of humorous, heartwarming dialogue to be found in Margaret Edsons Wit. Yet, despite the plays many life affirming moments, Wit is filled with clinical studies, chemotherapy, and long stretches of painful, introspective loneliness. Its the story of Dr. Vivian Bearing, a hard-as-nails English professor. Her callousness is most evident during the plays flashbacks. While she narrates directly to the audience, Dr. Bearing recalls several encounters with her former students. As the pupils struggle with the material, often embarrassed by their intellectual inadequacy, Dr. Bearing responds by saying intimidating and insulting them. Yet, as Dr. Bearing revisits her past, she realizes she should have offered more human kindness to her students. Kindness is something Dr. Bearing will come to desperately crave as the play continues. If you have already experienced Wit then you know you will never look at John Donnes poetry the same way. The main character uses the cryptic sonnets to keep her intellect sharp, but by the end of the play she learns that academic excellence is no match for human compassion, and perhaps a bedtime story. Continue reading the Top Ten List of the Worlds Saddest Plays.

Conflict in Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conflict in Egypt - Essay Example But there has to be an event with a potential to spark the revolution. In case of Egypt, it was the alighting of a man in front of parliament building in Cairo on 17 January, 2011 to register his protest against the untold pains that the economic conditions have caused him. (Jones, 2011) The incident caused to set dividing line between the oppressed and the oppressor and thus had set the stage for the first stage of conflict life cycle, the beginning. As a natural outcome of this incident two sides; the Egyptian government and the public takes their definite sides. As the time elapsed the government and public stances appeared to have two obvious stands points around which the opinions began to emerge and the divide began to take clear boundaries. Majority of people have a clear mindset on the issue and they have no confusion on the logic of their stance. The protesters were beefed up with masses from every walk of life neglecting their mutual differences in social values and religio us thoughts. â€Å"They were students and professionals, men and women, members of both the elite and the working class, standing side by side, and standing together out of concern for their country's future.† (Editorial, 2011). ... The protestors were peaceful right from the beginning of the conflict and successfully displayed their rationale and resolution behind the protest. However, the Egyptian government had tried nothing new but the tools and tricks what a dictator regime often has to employ. The nonviolent protestor began to formulate their demands as the government fails to reconcile in the early stages of the conflict. This was mainly due to a tyrant approach to such conflicts and the suppression and oppression could only add fuel to the fire. The public anger began to rise as the government failed pay heed to public concerns in a befitting manner. The situation clearly outlines the next stage of the conflict where conflict are grown into mature stages and some violence marks the stanch behaviors of parties involved in the conflict. The PPU identifies the situation as, â€Å"Each side increases its demands, and its sense of grievance swells. Each side looks for allies from outside the conflict area, f or moral and physical support. Acts of violence begin.† (PPU, 2011). The killing of the protestors by government allies further complicated the conflict and the blood injected firm determination among the protester gather around the historic Tahrir Square to liberate their country from the Husni Mubarak regime. The violence introduced by the government allies further aggravated the situation and created the deadlock required to translate such conflicts into a successful revolution. The activists chanted popular slogans "We do not want Shafik any more, even if they shoot us with bullets, revolution until victory, revolution against Shafik and the palace.† (Sherwood & Tom, 2011). The whole Egypt went on warlike situation after this and riots spread all over the